Internal-combustion engine



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c. E. HULL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 1' Filed Sept. 18

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c. E. HULL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet Filed Sept. 18.

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.hlAL-GQUSTION MIGHEE.

Application filed se temter 1e, acre. earn a sear-n1- internal combustion engines, and it con sists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed. The foremost object of my invention is to provide an improved design of internal combustion engine, wherein sim licity of construction, and ease of assem ling and disassembling are salient features.

Another object of the invention, properly designated under the above heading, is to provide an internal combustion engine having a valve-ln-the-head arrangement wrth I the cam shafts in the crank case, this par ticular arrangement, as more fully appears below, enabling the removal of the cylinder head for valve repair and regrindmgoperations, without endangering the original proper timing of the cam shafts.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel arrangement in the ports and manifolds, this arrangement including a novel water jacketing structure, described below.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the engine, parts being shown in section,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the engine, parts being shown in section,

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view, showing certain of the cylinder head parts more clearly, and i Figure 4 is a detail horizontal sectlon taken substantially on the line l4 of Figure 3, and showingthe arrangement of the water-jacketed dual valves,

As stated above, in designing this internal combustion engine the foremost object in mind was to provide an engine of comparatively light weight without sacrificing any strength in the construction, the arrangement being such that the various important parts could be easily disassembled forthe purpose of making inspections and repairs. Special constructions are employed throughout the engine in order to niake the attainment of the principal objects possible,

and in order that these various constructions will be easily understood, such jharts as relate to the present application are described in order.

The construction of the cylinders and head is clearly seen in Figures 1 and 3. 'lhe cylinders 3, of which. there is any des red number, are cast en bloc and provided with flanges 28 by means of which the cylinder'structure is secured to'the. channel iron 1 of the crank case structure, throu h thebolts 29. The hollow head 30 of t e engine is removable so that all of the valves 26,27 can be readily gotten at for convenrence of making repairs and grinding the valves and seats. r

A water jacket 31, cast integrally with the cyl nders 3, envelope the upper ends of the cylinders as clearly shown in Figure 3 being continued in the removable head 30 through suitably disposed openings 32, which match when the head 30 is applied and fastened to the top of the cylinder structure. The intake ports 33 and exhaust ports 34 are as nearly surrounded by water as the construction will permit. Similarly, the intake manifold 35 is wholly surrounded by water, by reason of the fact that it is cast inside oithe water jacket seatas clearly shown in Figure 3. Only the exhaust manifold 36 is exposed on the outside, any type of carbureter being applied directly to a suit able opening 38 on the intake side.

Bosses or guides 39, 40 protect the tappets 24 and 25 from the water 111 the water jacket 31, and also the gases where the tappets run through the top of the cylinder structure. These tappets actuate the .valve arms &1, 42 which are suitably pivoted at 43, and are provided with double ends or fingers. for moving both, associated valves at the same time. It will be observed that the upper end of each cylinder is enlarged as at 4:4, to make room for the various valves as they open.

A spark plug 45 is centrally located with cylinder which enables Water to circulate'almost completely around the Whole valve structure. lit can be plainl seen particularly from Figure 3, that the various valves are normally held to their seats byineans of springs 53, the valve stems proper Working in bushings 5 lvvhich are suitably set in apertures in the head 30 Located at the longitudinal extremities oi the cylinder structure are end "Webs 55, which. are preferably cast as a part of the structure, and provided with flanges by means of which additional points oi attachment to the channel iron 1 are provided. These end Webs 55 assist in stabilizing the engine structure, and when the upper side plates or closures 56 are bolted in place, the upper part or the engine presents a substantially rectangular configuration. The cam shafts 11 and the gears 57 which revolves them from a driving gear 58 on the crank shaft 18, are concealed by the curved closure plates 59 Which extend from the closure plates 56 to points of attachment on the T-shaped angle irons 15. A deep cover 60 encloses the valve actuating mechanism and cylinder head 30. 1

The advantages or the engine head structure in the foregoing description will now become apparent,

The valve structure can be completely removed Without disturbing the cam shafts at all. The head 30 is removable Without dis turbing the intalre or exhaust ports and manifolds. In many modern engines it becomes necessary to remove either the exhaust or intake manifold, before the valve structure can be reached tor repairs. There is therefore peculiar combination between the removable head 30 and the particular type of shaft hanger disclosed, even though uese parts are relatively removed from cylinders and having that there is a peculiar combination between the removable head and the particular type of shaft hanger in the crank case, This is so because the shaft hangers are of such construction that the cam shaft ll can be taken oil Without disturbing the head structure, and similarly, the head can be taken oil with all of its carried parts, Without disturbing the position of either cam shaft.

While the construction and arrangement of the improved internal combustion engine as herein described and claimed, is that of a generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may be made Without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims,

I claim:

It. An internal combustion engine including a multiple cylinder body having a vvater jacket, a tubular intalre manifold lying Wholly Within the Water jacket and having a port communicating with the exterior of the body and plurality of ports communicating with the top thereof, exhaust passages located Within the Water jacket of the body at the side thereof opposite the intake manifold, said exhaust ports communicating with the exterior of the body and also with the top thereof, and a detachable valve carrying head having intake and exhaust passages registering with the ports of the intake manifold and also with the ports of the exhaust passages in the top of the said cylinder body.

2. An internal combustion engine of the class described including a cylinder body having a Water jacket, an intake manifold pipe lying Wholly Within the Water jacket and having a carburetor port communicating with the side of the body and a plurality of outlets at thetop of the body, exhaust passages formed in the body opposite the intake manifold and opening through the top and sides of said body, a detachable head carrying therewith intake and exhaust valve units for each cylinder and having substantially inverted ll-shaped passages for establishine' communication between the outlets of the intake manifold and the intake valves and also between the openings of the exhaust passages and the exhaust valves,

and an exhaust manifold carried by the cylinder body.

8. An internal combustion engine ing a cylinder bloc and a Water itmlre ture, an intake manifold pipe lying vvhoil Within the Water jaclret at one side 4 passages opening through the top of the bloc and a single bureter port the side, pass s also formed in the jacket openin t top side of the bloc, and a (let cl valvecarrving head having passages with establishing communi respectively between the intalre out lli and the cylinders and between the exhaust passages and the cylinders.

4. An internal combustion engine including a multiple cylinder body having a water 7 5 jacket, an intake manifold pipe lying wholly 10 the intake manifold, and communicating with the top and sides of the cylinder bloc, a detachable valve carrying head having means for establishing communication be tween the intake manifold and the exhaust passages and the cylinders, and an exterior exhaust pipe carried by the body below the plane of the top surface thereof and communicating with said exhaust passages.

CLARENCE E. HULL. 

